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GMAT逻辑考点练习题:新药开发
考点:GMAT逻辑“增强”考点
难度:650-700
01
The pharmaceutical industry argues that because new drugs will not be developed unless heavy development costs can be recouped in later sales, the current 20 years of protection provided by patents should be extended in the case of newly developed drugs. However, in other industries new-product development continues despite high development costs, a fact that indicates that the extension is unnecessary.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the pharmaceutical industry"s argument against the challenge made above?
A. No industries other than the pharmaceutical industry have asked for an extension of the 20-year limit on patent protection.
B. Clinical trials of new drugs, which occur after the patent is granted and before the new drug can be marketed, often now take as long as 10 years to complete.
C. There are several industries in which the ratio of research and development costs to revenues is higher than it is in the pharmaceutical industry.
D. An existing patent for a drug does not legally prevent pharmaceutical companies from bringing to market alternative drugs, provided they are sufficiently dissimilar to the patented drug.
E. Much recent industrial innovation has occurred in products—for example, in the computer and electronics industries—for which patent protection is often very ineffective.
正解:B
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GMAT解析一
制药业指出因为除非研发成本能在后来通过销售收回,否则新药将不会研发,目前20年的专利保护期就新药开发来说应该延长。然而,在其他工业尽管高的研发费用,新产品的研发依然继续,这说明专利延期是不必要的。
问哪一个支持制药业的观点?即支持新药专利延期
A. 制药业以外没有产业要求专利保护延期;削弱,方向反,排除
B. 新药临床试验发生在专利授予之后,新药进入市场之前,经常要花10年的时间;说明专利研发时间长,要在市场取得收益需要更长时间专利保护,支持新药专利延期,正确
C. 一些产业的研发成本对收入的比例大于只要业;无关,排除
D. 药品的现存专利不会阻止制药公司引入替代药,如果替代药与专利药有很大不同;无关,排除
E. 近来很多产业革新发生在专利保护无效的产品,比如计算机和电子产业;跳出范畴,排除
GMAT解析二
药业说因为除非开发成本可以收回,否则不会开发新药,专利的20年保护应该延长。然而,其他行业尽管开发成本高,开发新产品还在继续,这表明延长专利保护不需要。 增强题 增强药业的要求,延长专利期
A. 除了药业,没有其他行业要求延长专利期;其他行业如何,无关,排除
B. 专利授予后到上市前,新药的临床试验经常要10年;说明药业的特殊性,所以增强药业的要求,正确
C. 其他工业和药业比较研发产出率;无关比较,排除
D. 现存专利法不能阻止替代药物的入市;替代药物,跳出范畴,排除
E. 近来的革新在如计算机和电子工业,专利法经常无效;某些行业的专利法问题,跳出范围,排除
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